history of english literature | ANGLO SEXONS PERIOD
The Anglo-Saxon period, also known as the Early Medieval period, refers to the time in England from the early 5th century to the Norman Conquest in 1066. It is characterized by the dominance of the Germanic tribes known as the Anglo-Saxons, who settled in Britain after the decline of Roman rule.
Key features of the Anglo-Saxon period include:
1. **Germanic Tribes**: The Anglo-Saxon period began with the arrival of Germanic tribes, including the Angles, Saxons, and Jutes, who migrated to Britain from regions in modern-day Germany and Denmark.
2. **Christianization**: Initially pagan, the Anglo-Saxon tribes gradually converted to Christianity with the mission of Augustine of Canterbury in 597 AD. The spread of Christianity had a significant impact on Anglo-Saxon culture, literature, and society.
3. **Anglo-Saxon Literature**: This period produced notable works of literature, including epic poems like "Beowulf" and "The Wanderer," as well as religious texts such as the Venerable Bede's "Ecclesiastical History of the English People."
4. **Anglo-Saxon England**: The Anglo-Saxon period saw the establishment of various Anglo-Saxon kingdoms, including Wessex, Mercia, Northumbria, and East Anglia. These kingdoms were often engaged in conflicts and power struggles.
5. **Social Structure**: Anglo-Saxon society was hierarchical, with kings and nobles holding power, while peasants and slaves made up the lower classes. The feudal system began to develop during this period.
6. **Art and Culture**: Anglo-Saxon art is characterized by intricate metalwork, illuminated manuscripts, and stone carvings. The period also saw the development of a distinct Anglo-Saxon style of architecture, exemplified by structures like the Anglo-Saxon churches.
7. **Viking Invasions**: Towards the end of the Anglo-Saxon period, England faced raids and invasions by Viking warriors from Scandinavia. These incursions led to significant political upheaval and ultimately culminated in the Norman Conquest of England in 1066.
Overall, the Anglo-Saxon period was a formative era in English history, laying the foundation for the development of English culture, language, and identity.